Bankruptcy in Wisconsin
In Wisconsin you choose state or federal exemptions (exemptions are the property the law lets you keep). Your home (homestead): up to $75,000 per person in your home and the land reasonably needed for it: at least 0.25 acre if available, up to 40 acres.
You file in one of 2 federal bankruptcy courts:
Checked against official sources: October 25, 2026. · Free letter and checklist ↓
What you can keep in Wisconsin
Exemptions are the property the law lets you keep. You pick one whole set: the Wisconsin list or the federal list. You can't mix them.
Law: 11 U.S.C. 522(b)(1)-(2); 11 U.S.C. 522(d)
| What | Wisconsin exemption | Federal exemption |
|---|---|---|
Home (homestead) | Up to $75,000 per person in your home (house, condo, mobile or manufactured home, house trailer or co-op) and the land reasonably needed for it: at least 0.25 acre if available, up to 40 acres. Each spouse may claim up to $75,000 in land owned jointly, in common or as marital property. The exemption does not apply against mortgages, laborers' and mechanics' liens, purchase-money liens and taxes. Temporarily moving out with the intent to return does not end it. If you sell the home, up to $75,000 of the proceeds stays exempt for 2 years while you hold it to buy another home. Law: Wis. Stat. 815.20(1); Wis. Stat. 990.01(14) | $31,575 Law: 11 U.S.C. 522(d)(1) |
Car or other vehicle | Up to $4,000 total in motor vehicles, per person. You can add any unused part of the $12,000 consumer-goods exemption, so up to $16,000 in vehicles if you use none of the consumer-goods exemption. Law: Wis. Stat. 815.18(3)(g), (8) | $5,025 Law: 11 U.S.C. 522(d)(2) |
Household goods and clothing | Up to $12,000 total, per person, in household goods and furnishings, clothing, keepsakes, jewelry, appliances, books, musical instruments, firearms, sporting goods, animals and other personal, family or household property. Also: burial plots and burial items. Law: Wis. Stat. 815.18(3)(a), (d), (8) | Household goods: $800 per item, $16,850 total Jewelry for personal or family use: $2,125 Law: 11 U.S.C. 522(d)(3); 11 U.S.C. 522(d)(4) |
Wildcard (any property) | — | $1,675 plus up to $15,800 of any unused part of the (d)(1) homestead amount Law: 11 U.S.C. 522(d)(5) |
Tools of your trade | Up to $15,000 total, per person, in equipment, inventory, farm products and professional books used in your business (or, instead, up to $15,000 in a closely held business that employs you). Law: Wis. Stat. 815.18(3)(b), (8) | $3,175 Law: 11 U.S.C. 522(d)(6) |
Wages | 75% of your net income for each one-week pay period is exempt, to the extent reasonably necessary to support you and your dependents, but never less than 30 times the greater of the state or federal minimum wage. Spouses cannot combine this exemption in the same income. Outside bankruptcy, at least 80% of disposable earnings is protected from an earnings garnishment, and all of it if your household income is below the poverty line or you receive need-based public assistance. Law: Wis. Stat. 815.18(3)(h), (8); Wis. Stat. 812.34 | — |
Retirement accounts | Retirement plans, pensions, IRAs, Keogh and 401(k) plans and similar plans paying benefits because of age, illness, disability, death or length of service are exempt if the plan complies with the Internal Revenue Code (or meets the other test in the statute). For an 'owner-dominated' plan of a business owner, only what is reasonably necessary for support is exempt. The exemption does not apply to child support, family support or maintenance orders, or divorce judgments. Law: Wis. Stat. 815.18(3)(j) | No dollar limit (IRAs are capped under 522(n)) Money in traditional and Roth IRAs is protected up to $1,711,975 in total. Law: 11 U.S.C. 522(d)(12); 11 U.S.C. 522(n); 90 FR 8941 |
Public benefits | Workers' compensation, unemployment insurance benefits, public assistance grants, veterans' benefits and federal disability insurance (SSDI) payments are exempt. Law: Wis. Stat. 102.27(1); Wis. Stat. 108.13(2); Wis. Stat. 49.96; Wis. Stat. 45.03(8)(b); Wis. Stat. 815.18(3)(ds) | Your right to receive Social Security, unemployment, public assistance, veterans' and disability benefits; alimony and support you reasonably need; and certain pension or annuity payments you reasonably need: No dollar limit (some only as much as you reasonably need) Your right to certain payments: crime victim awards, wrongful-death and life-insurance payments for someone you depended on, personal bodily injury payments (not pain and suffering or actual money losses), and payments for lost future earnings: Crime-victim awards: no limit. Personal injury payment: up to $31,575. Others: as much as you reasonably need Law: 11 U.S.C. 522(d)(10); 11 U.S.C. 522(d)(11) |
Other exemptions |
Law: Wis. Stat. 815.18(3)(k), (8); Wis. Stat. 815.18(3)(c); Wis. Stat. 815.18(3)(i); Wis. Stat. 224.50; 224.48; Wis. Stat. 815.18(3)(f), (o), (p) | An unmatured life insurance policy you own (not credit life insurance): No dollar limit Cash value of life insurance: $16,850 Health aids prescribed by a professional for you or a dependent: No dollar limit Law: 11 U.S.C. 522(d)(7); 11 U.S.C. 522(d)(8); 11 U.S.C. 522(d)(9) |
Amounts: Wisconsin Statutes as currently in force: 815.18 last amended by 2023 Wis. Act 246; 815.20 last amended by 2009 Wis. Act 80. Amounts are not indexed for inflation.
Federal amounts: Amounts in effect for cases filed on or after April 1, 2025 (next automatic adjustment due April 1, 2028)
Law: 11 U.S.C. 104; 90 FR 8941-8942
These amounts are per person. If a married couple files one joint case, each spouse can claim the federal exemptions separately.
The means test in Wisconsin: first step
Official Form 122A-1 compares your household's yearly income with the median income in Wisconsin. Here are the official medians:
- 1 person$71,168
- 2 people$90,252
- 3 people$108,516
- 4 people$133,384
- Each extra person+$11,100
Applies to cases filed on or after April 1, 2026. 1 = one earner; 2, 3, 4 = people in the household; add = amount added for each person over 4
Where to file in Wisconsin
You file in the district where you lived (your domicile) for most of the last 180 days. The Eastern District covers Brown, Calumet, Dodge, Door, Florence, Fond du Lac, Forest, Green Lake, Kenosha, Kewaunee, Langlade, Manitowoc, Marinette, Marquette, Menominee, Milwaukee, Oconto, Outagamie, Ozaukee, Racine, Shawano, Sheboygan, Walworth, Washington, Waukesha, Waupaca, Waushara and Winnebago counties; all other counties are in the Western District.
Law: 28 U.S.C. 1408; 28 U.S.C. 130
Divisions: Milwaukee and Green Bay courthouses (court also held at Oshkosh)
Clerk's phone: 414-297-3291
Divisions: Madison and Eau Claire divisions (hearings also held at Onalaska for La Crosse, and Wausau)
Clerk's phone: 833-758-0380
Free help in Wisconsin
- Legal Aid Society of Milwaukee (Chapter 7 help for low-income Milwaukee County residents; walk-in clinic) · 414-727-5300
- Pro Se Bankruptcy Help Desk (Milwaukee Bar Association volunteers), Thursdays 9:00-10:30 a.m., U.S. Courthouse, 517 E. Wisconsin Ave., Room 153, Milwaukee
- Legal Action Wisconsin (free civil legal help for people with low income) · 855-947-2529
- State Bar of Wisconsin Lawyer Referral · 800-362-9082
- Find free legal aid at LawHelp.org
- Eastern District – Court's self-help page
- Western District – Court's self-help page
Free letter and checklist
Letter: tell a creditor you filed bankruptcy
Notice to a creditor or debt collector with your case number, court, filing date and chapter.
Checklist: what to gather before you file
Income, tax returns, debts, property and budget papers the federal forms ask about, with Wisconsin's courts.
Bankruptcy in Wisconsin by topic
Exemptions in Wisconsin
Home, car, household goods, wildcard and more, with the law for each.
The means test in Wisconsin
The official median income and the first-step check.
Where to file in Wisconsin
The bankruptcy courts, divisions, fees and the 341 meeting.
Good to know in Wisconsin
- Wisconsin filers can choose the Wisconsin exemptions or the federal exemptions; married couples filing together must both pick the same system.
Law: 11 U.S.C. 522(b)
- Each spouse gets their own Wisconsin exemptions (for example, two $75,000 homestead exemptions in a jointly owned home, two $12,000 consumer-goods exemptions), and spouses can combine them in the same property.
Law: Wis. Stat. 815.20(1), 815.18(8)
- Wisconsin has no general 'wildcard', but unused consumer-goods exemption can be moved to vehicles.
Law: Wis. Stat. 815.18(3)(g)
Questions about bankruptcy in Wisconsin
Can I use the federal bankruptcy exemptions in Wisconsin?
You can. Wisconsin lets you choose the state exemptions or the federal exemptions in 11 U.S.C. 522(d). You must pick one whole set.
What is the homestead exemption in Wisconsin?
Up to $75,000 per person in your home (house, condo, mobile or manufactured home, house trailer or co-op) and the land reasonably needed for it: at least 0.25 acre if available, up to 40 acres.
How much of a car can I keep in bankruptcy in Wisconsin?
Up to $4,000 total in motor vehicles, per person. You can add any unused part of the $12,000 consumer-goods exemption, so up to $16,000 in vehicles if you use none of the consumer-goods exemption.
What household goods can I keep in Wisconsin?
Up to $12,000 total, per person, in household goods and furnishings, clothing, keepsakes, jewelry, appliances, books, musical instruments, firearms, sporting goods, animals and other personal, family or household property. Also: burial plots and burial items.
Are retirement accounts protected in bankruptcy in Wisconsin?
Retirement plans, pensions, IRAs, Keogh and 401(k) plans and similar plans paying benefits because of age, illness, disability, death or length of service are exempt if the plan complies with the Internal Revenue Code (or meets the other test in the statute). For an 'owner-dominated' plan of a business owner, only what is reasonably necessary for support is exempt. The exemption does not apply to child support, family support or maintenance orders, or divorce judgments.
Are my wages protected in Wisconsin?
75% of your net income for each one-week pay period is exempt, to the extent reasonably necessary to support you and your dependents, but never less than 30 times the greater of the state or federal minimum wage. Spouses cannot combine this exemption in the same income. Outside bankruptcy, at least 80% of disposable earnings is protected from an earnings garnishment, and all of it if your household income is below the poverty line or you receive need-based public assistance.
Where do I file bankruptcy in Wisconsin?
You file in the district where you lived (your domicile) for most of the last 180 days. The Eastern District covers Brown, Calumet, Dodge, Door, Florence, Fond du Lac, Forest, Green Lake, Kenosha, Kewaunee, Langlade, Manitowoc, Marinette, Marquette, Menominee, Milwaukee, Oconto, Outagamie, Ozaukee, Racine, Shawano, Sheboygan, Walworth, Washington, Waukesha, Waupaca, Waushara and Winnebago counties; all other counties are in the Western District.
What is the median income for the means test in Wisconsin?
For cases filed on or after April 1, 2026: 1 person: $71,168; 2 people: $90,252; 3 people: $108,516; 4 people: $133,384; Each extra person: +$11,100.
Where can I get free help with bankruptcy in Wisconsin?
Legal Aid Society of Milwaukee (Chapter 7 help for low-income Milwaukee County residents; walk-in clinic), Pro Se Bankruptcy Help Desk (Milwaukee Bar Association volunteers), Thursdays 9:00-10:30 a.m., U.S. Courthouse, 517 E. Wisconsin Ave., Room 153, Milwaukee and Legal Action Wisconsin (free civil legal help for people with low income).