Bankruptcy in Michigan

In Michigan you choose state or federal exemptions (exemptions are the property the law lets you keep). Your home (homestead): $51,150 in equity, or $76,725 if you or a dependent is 65 or older or disabled (cases filed on or after April 1, 2026).

You file in one of 2 federal bankruptcy courts:

Checked against official sources: October 25, 2026. · Free letter and checklist ↓

What you can keep in Michigan

Exemptions are the property the law lets you keep. You pick one whole set: the Michigan list or the federal list. You can't mix them.

Law: Mich. Comp. Laws 600.5451(1); 11 U.S.C. 522(b)(1)-(2); 11 U.S.C. 522(d)

WhatMichigan exemptionFederal exemption
Home (homestead)

$51,150 in equity, or $76,725 if you or a dependent is 65 or older or disabled (cases filed on or after April 1, 2026).

The amount covers the interest of you, any co-debtor and your dependents together. A homestead can be a house with up to 40 acres outside a city or platted area (one lot inside), a condo, a co-op unit, a mobile or manufactured home, a motor home, or a boat you live in. 'Disabled' means receiving SSI for disability.

Law: Mich. Comp. Laws 600.5451(1)(m), (5)(b), (5)(d)

$31,575

Law: 11 U.S.C. 522(d)(1)

Car or other vehicle

$4,725 in one motor vehicle (cases filed on or after April 1, 2026).

Law: Mich. Comp. Laws 600.5451(1)(g)

$5,025

Law: 11 U.S.C. 522(d)(2)

Household goods and clothing

Household goods, furniture, utensils, books, appliances and jewelry: up to $775 per item and $5,125 total. Also: family pictures, clothing (not furs), health aids, 6 months of food and fuel, household pets up to $875, and one computer with accessories up to $875 (cases filed on or after April 1, 2026).

Law: Mich. Comp. Laws 600.5451(1)(a), (b), (c), (f), (h)

Household goods: $800 per item, $16,850 total

Jewelry for personal or family use: $2,125

Law: 11 U.S.C. 522(d)(3); 11 U.S.C. 522(d)(4)

Wildcard (any property)
—

$1,675 plus up to $15,800 of any unused part of the (d)(1) homestead amount

Law: 11 U.S.C. 522(d)(5)

Tools of your trade

$3,400 in tools, materials, stock and equipment for your main trade or business (cases filed on or after April 1, 2026).

Law: Mich. Comp. Laws 600.5451(1)(i)

$3,175

Law: 11 U.S.C. 522(d)(6)

Retirement accounts

IRAs and Roth IRAs and ERISA-covered 401 plans and 403(b) annuities are exempt, but not money put in within 120 days before you file, and not amounts subject to a divorce, separate maintenance or child support order.

Law: Mich. Comp. Laws 600.5451(1)(k), (1)(l)

No dollar limit (IRAs are capped under 522(n))

Money in traditional and Roth IRAs is protected up to $1,711,975 in total.

Law: 11 U.S.C. 522(d)(12); 11 U.S.C. 522(n); 90 FR 8941

Public benefits

Disability benefits paid by an insurance company because of injury or sickness are exempt (except for necessities bought after the benefits began).

Law: Mich. Comp. Laws 600.5451(1)(j)

Your right to receive Social Security, unemployment, public assistance, veterans' and disability benefits; alimony and support you reasonably need; and certain pension or annuity payments you reasonably need: No dollar limit (some only as much as you reasonably need)

Your right to certain payments: crime victim awards, wrongful-death and life-insurance payments for someone you depended on, personal bodily injury payments (not pain and suffering or actual money losses), and payments for lost future earnings: Crime-victim awards: no limit. Personal injury payment: up to $31,575. Others: as much as you reasonably need

Law: 11 U.S.C. 522(d)(10); 11 U.S.C. 522(d)(11)

Other exemptions
  • Property owned by a married couple as tenants by the entirety, except against a joint debt of both spouses.
  • Crops, farm animals and feed: up to $3,400.
  • A seat, pew or slip in a place of worship: up to $875.
  • Burial plots and cemetery rights for your family.

Law: Mich. Comp. Laws 600.5451(1)(n); Mich. Comp. Laws 600.5451(1)(e), 2026 amount; Mich. Comp. Laws 600.5451(1)(d), 2026 amount; Mich. Comp. Laws 600.5451(1)(a)(iv)

An unmatured life insurance policy you own (not credit life insurance): No dollar limit

Cash value of life insurance: $16,850

Health aids prescribed by a professional for you or a dependent: No dollar limit

Law: 11 U.S.C. 522(d)(7); 11 U.S.C. 522(d)(8); 11 U.S.C. 522(d)(9)

Amounts: Cases filed on or after April 1, 2026. Michigan Department of Treasury notice dated January 30, 2026; under Mich. Comp. Laws 600.5451(4) adjusted amounts apply to cases filed on or after April 1 after the adjustment. Next adjustment due in 2029.

Federal amounts: Amounts in effect for cases filed on or after April 1, 2025 (next automatic adjustment due April 1, 2028)

Law: 11 U.S.C. 104; 90 FR 8941-8942

These amounts are per person. If a married couple files one joint case, each spouse can claim the federal exemptions separately.

The means test in Michigan: first step

Official Form 122A-1 compares your household's yearly income with the median income in Michigan. Here are the official medians:

  • 1 person$67,352
  • 2 people$83,432
  • 3 people$103,449
  • 4 people$123,010
  • Each extra person+$11,100

Applies to cases filed on or after April 1, 2026. 1 = one earner; 2, 3, 4 = people in the household; add = amount added for each person over 4

The numbers are worked out in your browser. Nothing you enter here is saved or sent.

Before taxes. Add up all income for the last 6 months and divide by 6.

Enter your household size and income

Where to file in Michigan

You file in the federal bankruptcy district where you lived (your domicile) for most of the 180 days before you file. Michigan has two districts, Eastern and Western. Each court's locations page lists the counties served by each office: Eastern https://www.mieb.uscourts.gov/court-locations; Western https://www.miwb.uscourts.gov/court-info/court-locations

Law: 28 U.S.C. 1408

U.S. Bankruptcy Court for the Eastern District of Michigan

Divisions: Detroit, Flint, Bay City

Clerk's phone: Detroit (313) 234-0065; Flint (810) 235-4126; Bay City (989) 894-8840

Court's self-help page

U.S. Bankruptcy Court for the Western District of Michigan

Divisions: Grand Rapids, Kalamazoo, Lansing, Traverse City, Marquette

Clerk's phone: 616-456-2693

Court's self-help page

Free help in Michigan

Free letter and checklist

Letter: tell a creditor you filed bankruptcy

Notice to a creditor or debt collector with your case number, court, filing date and chapter.

Checklist: what to gather before you file

Income, tax returns, debts, property and budget papers the federal forms ask about, with Michigan's courts.

Bankruptcy in Michigan by topic

Exemptions in Michigan

Home, car, household goods, wildcard and more, with the law for each.

The means test in Michigan

The official median income and the first-step check.

Where to file in Michigan

The bankruptcy courts, divisions, fees and the 341 meeting.

Good to know in Michigan

  • Michigan dollar amounts change every 3 years. The amount that applies depends on your filing date: cases filed on or after April 1, 2026 use the new figures.

    Law: Mich. Comp. Laws 600.5451(4)

    Source: Treasury notice of January 30, 2026

  • If you do not choose the federal list, your Michigan bankruptcy exemptions are the ones listed in Mich. Comp. Laws 600.5451, plus property exempt under other federal law.
  • Michigan's bankruptcy list has no wildcard. Contributions to an IRA or 401(k) made within 120 days before filing are not protected by the state list.

    Law: 600.5451(1)(k)-(l)

Changes in 2024–2026

Indexed increase for cases filed on or after April 1, 2026: homestead $46,125 to $51,150 ($69,200 to $76,725 for 65+/disabled); vehicle $4,250 to $4,725; household goods $4,625 to $5,125 total ($700 to $775 per item); tools $3,075 to $3,400; pets, computer and pew $800 to $875; crops/farm animals $3,075 to $3,400.

Questions about bankruptcy in Michigan

Can I use the federal bankruptcy exemptions in Michigan?

You can. Michigan lets you choose the state exemptions or the federal exemptions in 11 U.S.C. 522(d). You must pick one whole set.

What is the homestead exemption in Michigan?

$51,150 in equity, or $76,725 if you or a dependent is 65 or older or disabled (cases filed on or after April 1, 2026).

How much of a car can I keep in bankruptcy in Michigan?

$4,725 in one motor vehicle (cases filed on or after April 1, 2026).

What household goods can I keep in Michigan?

Household goods, furniture, utensils, books, appliances and jewelry: up to $775 per item and $5,125 total. Also: family pictures, clothing (not furs), health aids, 6 months of food and fuel, household pets up to $875, and one computer with accessories up to $875 (cases filed on or after April 1, 2026).

Are retirement accounts protected in bankruptcy in Michigan?

IRAs and Roth IRAs and ERISA-covered 401 plans and 403(b) annuities are exempt, but not money put in within 120 days before you file, and not amounts subject to a divorce, separate maintenance or child support order.

Where do I file bankruptcy in Michigan?

You file in the federal bankruptcy district where you lived (your domicile) for most of the 180 days before you file. Michigan has two districts, Eastern and Western. Each court's locations page lists the counties served by each office: Eastern https://www.mieb.uscourts.gov/court-locations; Western https://www.miwb.uscourts.gov/court-info/court-locations

What is the median income for the means test in Michigan?

For cases filed on or after April 1, 2026: 1 person: $67,352; 2 people: $83,432; 3 people: $103,449; 4 people: $123,010; Each extra person: +$11,100.

Where can I get free help with bankruptcy in Michigan?

Michigan Legal Help (statewide self-help and legal aid finder), Eastern District bankruptcy court: Finding an Attorney and Legal Aid (lists local legal aid offices and bar referral services) and Eastern District bankruptcy court Pro Bono Program (for adversary proceedings about discharge).